Construcción de identidades y conflictos sociales en la América Latina del desorden global. La cuestión nacional: un palimpsestus de la memoria política

Abstract

This article looks for, frorn a comparative perspective, to restitute the processes ofpolitical resetting lived as a result of the transformations on the 90's. Through the study of cases, it examines the paradoxical effect that seems to ha ve the globalization in Latin America, as much in his character of process as of ideology: to erase all signs of State and Nation, to produce new forms of national vindication that make a call to lhe state intervention. By the end of XXth century, ernerges a type of «nationalism» that, unlike most of its previous forms, finds its source in the civil society and not in the State. lf this fact constitutes a radical modification of the political culture of the region, the social and political movements, ruled by radically different actors, seem to register in a deeply Latin American tradition: to mobilize the Nation in name of the «left». The emergency of these movements constitutes a remarcable fact ofthe recent history ofthe region.